Chicha - Wikipedia

^ a b c .mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}Frances M. Hayashida (2015). "Chicha". In Karen Bescherer Metheny; Mary C. Beaudry (eds.). Archaeology of Food: An Encyclopedia. Rowman & Littlefield. pp. 97–98. ISBN 9780759123663. ^ a b "Chicha - An Andean Identity". Ohio State University. Retrieved November 16, 2019. ^ Malpass, Michael Andrew (1996). Daily Life in the Inca Empire. Greenwood Publishing Group. pp. 77, 107–11, 131. ISBN 9780313293900. ^ Duke, Guy (2010). Identity Crisis: Archaeological Perspectives on Social Identity Continuity. Vol. 42. p. 264. ^ Barberena, Santiago Ignacio (1894). Quicheísmos: contribución al estudio del folklore americano (in Spanish). Tip. "La Luz". ^ Robert Neustadt, (Con)Fusing Signs and Postmodern Positions: Spanish American Performance, Experimental Writing, and the Critique of Political Confusion (Garland Publishing, 1999), p. xi. ^ James T. Monroe, "Andalusi-Arabic Strophic Poetry as an Example of Literary Hybridization: Ibn Quzmān's ' Zajal 147' in Medieval Oral Literature (ed. Karl Reichl: Walter de Gruyter, 2012), p. 603. ^ a b c d e Hayashida, Frances M. (2008). "Ancient beer and modern brewers: Ethnoarchaeological observations of chicha production in two regions of the North Coast of Peru". Journal of Anthropological Archaeology. 27 (2): 161–174. doi:10.1016/j.jaa.2008.03.003. ^ Zizek, Mixha. "La Chicha de Jora". About.com. Archived from the original on 2013-04-03. ^ Wadler, Joyce (8 September 2009). "Chew It Up, Spit It Out, Then Brew. Cheers!". The New York Times. Retrieved 27 March 2013. ^ Nicholson, G. Edward (1960). "Chicha maize types and chicha manufacture in Peru". Economic Botany. 14 (4): 290–299. doi:10.1007/BF02908039. S2CID 36357387. ^ a b c Drink, power, and society in the Andes. Jennings, Justin., Bowser, Brenda J., 1957-. Gainesville: University Press of Florida. 2009. ISBN 9780813033068. OCLC 226356629.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link) ^ a b D'Altroy, Terrence N. [The Incas, ISBN 0-631-17677-2] ^ Catherine Komisaruk, Labor and Love in Guatemala: The Eve of Independence (Stanford University Press, 2013), p. 160. ^ Ann Zulawski, Unequal Cures: Public Health and Political Change in Bolivia, 1900–1950 (Duke University Press, 2007), p. 147. ^ Mugits, Justin. "The Persistence of Chicha". ^ "Vinícola Santa Rosa Ltda". 2017-04-04. Archived from the original on 4 April 2017. Retrieved 2022-03-10. ^ "Chicha | Amazon Rainforest Info | Amazon Cruises". Amazon Cruises and Lodges. 2016-11-24. Retrieved 2022-03-10. ^ La diversidad del maíz nativo en Bolivia. Ministerio de Medio Ambiente y Agua/ Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Alimentación y la Agricultura - FAO. pp. 160 pp. ^ Hooper, Paul; DeDeo, Simon; Caldwell Hooper, Ann; Gurven, Michael; Kaplan, Hillard (2013). "Dynamical Structure of a Traditional Amazonian Social Network". Entropy. 15 (12): 4932–4955. arXiv:1307.0516. Bibcode:2013Entrp..15.4932H. doi:10.3390/e15114932. PMC 4104206. PMID 25053880. ^ Cutler, Hugh; Martin Cardenas (December 29, 1947). "Chicha, A Native South American beer" (PDF). Botanical Museum Leaflets. 13 (3). Cambridge, MA: Harvard University. Archived from the original (PDF) on May 31, 2013. Retrieved 11 February 2013. ^ Daughters, Anton (2014). "Of Chicha, Majas, and Mingas: Hard Apple Cider and Local Solidarity in Twenty-First-Century Rural Southern Chile". In Gretchen, Pierce; Áurea, Toxqui (eds.). Alcohol in Latin America: A Social and Cultural History. University of Arizona Press. ISBN 9780816599004. ^ a b Fierro Ascencio, Marcia Evelyn (2009). Máfil en la Historia y la Memoria 1930-1964 (in Spanish). pp. 59–60. ISBN 978-956-8803-00-1. ^ Hernández, Dina Paola. "La chicha: la bebida de los dioses se trasladó a la cultura Bogotana". Alcaldía Mayor de Bogotá (in Spanish). La tradicional bebida indígena se convirtió en un icono de la naciente Bogotá durante el tiempo de la colonia. [...] El maíz cocido debe ser molido o licuado hasta lograr el espesor deseado. Se le agrega azúcar al gusto y se deja fermentar de siete a ocho días dependiendo al grado de licor que lo desee. ^ Lievano, Catalina (2014-08-26). "Chicha: Bitter brew of history | The City Paper Bogotá". The City Paper Bogotá. Retrieved 2017-04-03. You grind the maize on a stone and put it in a large pot with black panela (raw cane sugar). The mix is covered for 15 days and boiling water is added to the pot. Over eight days, the concoction becomes a brew. Then it is ready to be served. ^ Zeldovich, Zina (2023-03-28). "Chicha: the banned drink of Colombia". ^ Maddicks, Russell (2014). "3. Customs & Traditions: Yamor Festival". Ecuador - Culture Smart!: The Essential Guide to Customs & Culture. Bravo Limited. ISBN 9781857336849. ^ "Maize chicha". El Salvador Tips. 2015-06-09. Retrieved 2022-03-10. ^ Gold, Janet N. (2009-04-30). Culture and Customs of Honduras. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 9780313341809. ^ McGovern, Patrick. "Chicha". Patrick E. McGovern Biomolecular Archaeology Project. ^ Indira Ramírez Terán (2015-08-23). "Chicha de arroz venezolana: Receta, origen y datos de interés". Mejor con Salud (in Spanish). Retrieved 2019-12-16. ^ Jennings, Justin; Antrobus, KathleenL.; Atencio, SamJ.; Glavich, Erin; Johnson, Rebecca; Loffler, German; Luu, Christine (2005). ""Drinking Beer in a Blissful Mood": Alcohol Production, Operational Chains, and Feasting in the Ancient World". Current Anthropology. 46 (2): 275–303. doi:10.1086/427119. JSTOR 10.1086/427119. S2CID 149500031. ^ a b c d e f D'Altroy, Terence N. The Incas. Germany: Wiley, 2014. p. 303. ^ a b c d e D'Altroy, Terence N. The Incas. Germany: Wiley, 2014. p. 301. ^ D'Altroy, Terence N.. The Incas. Germany: Wiley, 2014.(p.438). ^ a b D'Altroy, Terence N.. The Incas. Germany: Wiley, 2014.(p.349). ^ D'Altroy, Terence N.. The Incas. Germany: Wiley, 2014.(p.452). ^ a b D'Altroy, Terence N.. The Incas. Germany: Wiley, 2014.(p.453). ^ D'Altroy, Terence N.The Incas. Germany: Wiley, 2014. (p.320) ^ D'Altroy, Terence N.The Incas. Germany: Wiley, 2014.(p.316) ^ D'Altroy, Terence N.The Incas. Germany: Wiley, 2014.(p.316-17) ^ D'Altroy, Terence N.The Incas. Germany: Wiley, 2014.(p.401) ^ Bray, Tamara, J. Jennings, and B. J. Bowser. "Places to Partake:Chicha in the Andean Landscape." Drink, power, and society in the Andes (2009): 93. ^ Bray, Tamara, J. Jennings, and B. J. Bowser. "The role of chicha in Inca state expansion." Drink, power, and society in the Andes (2009): 108-132 ^ D'Altroy, Terence N.The Incas. Germany: Wiley, 2014.(p.404) ^ Bray, Tamara, J. Jennings, and B. J. Bowser. "Pre-Hispanic Fermented Beverage Use at Cerro Baúl;Peru." Drink, power, and society in the Andes (2009): 141. ^ a b Hoopes, John. Lecture:University of Kansas;Andean Fauna & Flora, January 30, 2020