Step 1

Coarsely chop 1/2 cup raw nuts. Place the nuts and 1 teaspoon fennel seeds in a food processor fitted with the blade attachment or spice grinder. Pulse until coarsely ground.

Step 2

Transfer to a small skillet. Toast over medium-low heat, stirring frequently, until fragrant, about 3 minutes.

Step 3

Add 4 teaspoons sesame seeds and cook, stirring frequently, until fragrant and the white sesame seeds darken slightly, 2 to 3 minutes more. Remove the pan from the heat.

Step 4

Add 1 teaspoon ground coriander, 1 teaspoon ground cumin, 1/2 teaspoon smoked paprika, and 1/2 teaspoon white or black pepper. Stir to combine and let cool to room temperature.

Step 5

Add 1/2 teaspoon kosher salt and stir to combine.