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The growing regions of the Buôn Mê Thuột have been classified into micro-climates by European scientists contracted by private industry. In these different regions, several species of coffee are grown, including Arabica, Robusta, Chari (Excelsa), with Arabica varieties including Catimor, and some with indigenous lineage, such as the Arabica SE. Vietnamese coffee producers blend multiple varieties of beans for different flavor characteristics and balance, or to reduce production cost.Typically the coffee is prepared in single servings in single-cup filter/brewers known as phin. Generally the coffee is served table-side while it is still brewing. The use of sweetened condensed milk rather than fresh milk was first due to its availability and easier storage in a tropical climate. The condensed milk serves to sweeten the coffee as well. Long practice has led to this being the taste preference in the Vietnamese community.The coffee may be brewed into ice for cà phê đá, or when had with condensed milk for cà phê sữa đá.
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^ .mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}"Vietnam's 2008/2009 Coffee Exports up 15.8 pct". Flexnews. Reuters. September 9, 2009. Archived from the original on 2009-10-01. ^ Trinh, Phap Q.; de la Peña, Eduardo; Nguyen, Chau N.; Nguyen, Hoa X.; Moens, Maurice (2009). "Plant-parasitic nematodes associated with coffee in Vietnam". Russian Journal of Nematology. 17 (1): 73–82. ^ a b Goscha, Christopher E. (2016). Vietnam: a new history. New York: Basic Books. pp. 157–158. ISBN 978-0-465-09436-3. ^ a b c d Doutriaux, S., Geisler, C. and Shively, G. 2009. Competing for Coffee Space: Development-Induced Displacement in the Central Highlands of Vietnam.Rural Sociology. 73(4):528 – 554. ^ a b Fortunel Frederic, Le café au Vietnam, harmattan, paris, 2000 ^ a b D’haezea, J. Deckersa; et al. (2005). "Environmental and socio-economic impacts of institutional reforms on the agricultural sector of Vietnam Land suitability assessment for Robusta coffee in the Dak Gan region". Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment. 105 (1–2): 59–76. doi:10.1016/j.agee.2004.05.009. ^ "FAOSTAT". FAO. Retrieved 2014-12-04. ^ a b Bean, S. R.; Ioerger, B. P.; Wilson, J. D.; Tilley, M.; Rhodes, D.; Herald, T. J. (2018-04-16), "Structure and chemistry of sorghum grain", Burleigh Dodds Series in Agricultural Science, Burleigh Dodds Science Publishing, pp. 3–29, doi:10.19103/as.2017.0015.21, ISBN 9781786761248 ^ Nguyen, Dieu Tu Uyen (13 February 2018). "Vietnam's Coffee Exports May Climb 9% on Rising Production". Bloomberg. Retrieved 11 November 2018. ^ "Crippling Debts, Bankruptcies Brew Vietnam Coffee Crisis". Voice of America/Reuters. August 14, 2013. Retrieved 2013-08-18. ^ a b c Doutriaux, Sylvie; et al. (2008). "Competing for Coffee Space: Development‐Induced Displacement in the Central Highlands of Vietnam". Rural Sociology. 73 (4): 528–554. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.536.523. doi:10.1526/003601108786471422. ^ ibid p 545 ^ a b Ha, Dang Thanh; Shively, Gerald (2008). "Coffee Boom, Coffee Bust and Smallholder Response in Vietnam's Central Highlands". Review of Development Economics. 12 (2): 312–326. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9361.2007.00391.x. S2CID 67844732 – via JSTOR. ^ a b Winkels, Alexandra (2008). "Rural In-migration and Global Trade: Managing the risks of coffee farming in the Central Highlands of Vietnam". Mountain Research and Development. 28 (1): 32–40. doi:10.1659/mrd.0841. S2CID 130939878. ^ a b Hardy, Andrew (2003). Red hills: migrants and the state in the highlands of Vietnam. Copenhagen, Denmark: Nordic Institute of Asian Studies. ^ ibid p 271 ^ Agergaard, Jytte, Fold, Niels and Gough, Katherine V. 2009. Global-local interactions: socioeconomic and spatial dynamics in Vietnam’s coffee frontier. The Geographical Journal. 175 (2), 133-145 ^ a b c d e f g h Havemann, Tanja, Nair, Samiksha, Cassou, Emilie and Jaffee, Steven (2015). Coffee in Dak Lak, Vietnam. In Scherr, Sara J., Mankad, Kedar, Jaffee, Steven and Negra, Christine, Steps Toward Green: Policy Responses to the Environmental Footprint of Commodity Agriculture in East and Southeast Asia (99-122). Washington, DC: EcoAgriculture Partners and the World Bank. ^ a b Meyfroidt, Patrick, Vu, Tan Phuong and Hoang, Viet Anh. (2013). Trajectories of deforestation, coffee expansion and displacement of shifting cultivation in the Central Highlands of Vietnam. Global Environment Change. 23, 1187-1198 ^ Grow Asia Singapore (Oct 2016)."Partnership for Sustainable Agriculture in Vietnam"(PDF). Retrieved 2016-07-07 ^ "Tackling Global Challenges"(PDF). Harvard Kennedy School CSR Initiative. January 2016. Retrieved 2016-07-07 ^ Bank, World (2010). "Economics of Adaptation to Climate Change : Vietnam". Cite journal requires |journal= (help) ^ "2012 Annual Report". Rainforest Alliance. Retrieved 2018-11-17. ^ a b c d e f g Grant, S. G. (2014). On Culprits and Crisis: Branding Vietnam in the Global Coffee Industry. UC Riverside. Retrieved from https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4sj9r50x ^ Fridell (2014), p 1183 ^ a b c d e Fridell, Gavin (2014) Fair trade slippages and Vietnam gaps: the ideological fantasies of fair-trade coffee. Third World Quarterly. 35 (7), 1179–1194. ^ Grant (2014) p 187 ^ Grant (2014) p147 ^ "G7 Gourmet Instant Coffee". Trung Nguyen Online. Retrieved 2019-05-07. ^ a b c Larimer, Tiim (Spring 2003). "Chasing Starbucks Dreams: Trung Nguyen and its Global Expansion" (PDF). Chazen Web Journal of International Business: 1–17. ^ "Trung Nguyen plans to unite the world with a cup of coffee | Global Coffee Report". gcrmag.com. Retrieved 2018-11-17. ^ "Trung Nguyen Online: Vietnamese Coffee". www.trung-nguyen-online.com. Retrieved 2018-11-17. ^ Brault, Len (1999). "True Vietnamese Coffee". INeedCoffee.com. Archived from the original on 2007-03-18. Retrieved 2007-10-09. ^ Scofield, Alex (April 2002). "Vietnam: Silent Global Coffee Power". INeedCoffee.com. Retrieved 2006-10-14.
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