Step 1

In a food processor/blender or mortar and pestle, grind the garlic, chopped onions or shallots, galangal (or extra ginger), and chilis to a smooth paste. To make it easier to breakdown the ingredients, you may wish to add 1-2 tablespoons of oil (optional). Add the ground coriander and cumin to the paste and mix well. Set aside.

Step 2

Choose the saute setting in the instant pot. Heat the oil and briefly saute the lemongrass, ginger, and kaffir lime leaves until aromatic about 1-2 minutes. Add the spice paste and cook for another 5-6 minutes, stirring occasionally, until it darkens in color and begins to form small bubbles on the edges.

Step 3

Add the beef and coat with the spices. Add the water and sugar then deglaze the pan to remove the brown bits at the bottom. Turn off the sauté mode and cover the pot, putting the valve in the sealed position. Put in manual high pressure for 35 minutes. Allow a natural release for 10 minutes.

Step 4

Uncover then pour in the coconut milk. Saute and cook, stirring occasionally so beef doesn't stick to the bottom, for 15 minutes or until the sauce has browned or caramelized in color and has thickened (the dish may release some oil at this point, too). Taste and adjust seasoning with a little fish sauce (yum!) or extra salt, as needed. Add a little squeeze of lemon or lime juice as well, if desired, especially if kaffir lime leaves are replaced with bay leaves. You can leave a little bit of sauce to drizzle on your rice or allow the beef to fully dry up and fry in its own oil, it's your choice. Serve with rice or crusty bread.