Step 1

Combine the flour and salt in a medium bowl. Add the oil and water and mix to form a shaggy dough. Tip the contents of the bowl out onto a clean work surface and knead for 6 to 10 minutes until smooth and soft but not sticky or dry.

Step 2

Place into a resealable sandwich bag and chill for at least 1 hour (or up to 24 hours).

Step 3

Once the dough has rested, remove from the bag and place onto a completely clean, dry work surface. It's super important that there is no flour on the work surface or else it will be really hard to roll out the pici!

Step 4

Pat the dough out into a rectangle about 12 x 20 cm (5 x 8 inches). Use a bench scraper or a butter knife to cut strips of dough which are roughly 6mm (~1/4-inch) wide x 12cm long.

Step 5

Use your hands, pressing lightly on a strip of dough to roll out into a long worm shape. I like to start with both my hands at the centre of the strip and work outwards whilst rolling back and forth and applying light pressure. Roll until the worm is about 3 to 4mm (~1/8-inch) thick.

Step 6

Dust a rimmed baking tray with semolina or a light coating of plain white flour. Pick up the dough worm and place onto the sheet.

Step 7

Ensure there is no flour/semolina residue on your hands and continue to roll out the remaining strips of dough, placing the worms on the baking sheet.

Step 8

Once your tray has been filled with worms of dough, dust these with some more semolina/plain flour and then gently gather a handful of them, lift them up and wrap them around the fingertips of one hand, forming a little bundle of around 10 worms. Place this bundle onto the tray.

Step 9

Continue making worms (and forming nests, as needed) until you've shaped all the dough.

Step 10

Set aside for up to 20 minutes. If you let these sit for longer you risk them drying out and starting to clump together.

Step 11

Grate your Pecorino or Parmesan cheese and set that aside. Bash the peppercorns in a pestle and mortar (or use a pepper grinder to grind them up) and set those aside too. Have all your other ingredients measured and to hand (except the pasta water as that isn't ready yet).

Step 12

Bring a large pot of well-salted water to the boil on the stove.

Step 13

Grab a large frying pan and add the lemon juice, butter and black pepper. Place over a medium heat on the stove.

Step 14

Gently unravel the pici nests and drop into the boiling pot of water - keep the heat here on max until the water comes back to a simmer and set a timer for 5 minutes. Stir gently occasionally to make sure they don't stick together.

Step 15

Once the pici have been cooking for about 3 minutes, scoop out 160ml (2/3 cup) of that starchy pasta water from the pot they're cooking in. Pour this into the frying pan of butter and turn the heat on the pan down to medium low.

Step 16

Once the 5 minutes of cooking time is up, use tongs to lift the pici into the frying pan of the pasta water-butter mixture. Sprinkle the grated cheese in an even layer over all of the pasta in the pan. Now this is the key moment - you can't stir this yet!! You have to leave this to cook over a medium-low heat for a couple of minutes. You want the cheese to start melting before you stir it together otherwise it will clump. So, leave it to cook and you'll notice that the cheese starts to melt at the edges first and gradually melts more and more towards the centre of the pan. Once the cheese in the centre is just starting to turn translucent/melty, you can toss the mixture together (I like to use tongs for this).

Step 17

Let bubble for 1 to 2 minutes more, stirring occasionally, to let the sauce thicken up a bit.

Step 18

Once the sauce looks thickened but still kind of runny, remove from the heat and divide between two bowls. Serve ASAP! Enjoy!