Step 1

In a large pot, bring 4 quarts water to a boil. Add 1 tablespoon salt, the broccoli and garlic; cook until the broccoli is crisp-tender, 4 to 6 minutes. Using a slotted spoon, transfer the broccoli and garlic to a blender; keep the water at a boil. Remove about 2 cups of the water; add 1½ cups to the blender (reserve the remainder), along with the capers. Blend until smooth, then, with the machine running, stream in the oil; set aside.

Step 2

Add the pasta to the boiling water and cook, stirring, until al dente. Drain and return to the pot. Add the broccoli puree, the cheese and lemon zest and juice; toss to combine, adding reserved water as needed so the pasta is lightly sauced. Taste and season with salt and pepper. Serve drizzled with additional oil and with additional cheese.

Step 3

Chopped or torn fresh basil OR chopped toasted walnuts OR both