Bupropion | DrugBank Online

Step 2

Fryer JD, Lukas RJ: Noncompetitive functional inhibition at diverse, human nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subtypes by bupropion, phencyclidine, and ibogaine. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1999 Jan;288(1):88-92. [PubMed:9862757] Fava M, Rush AJ, Thase ME, Clayton A, Stahl SM, Pradko JF, Johnston JA: 15 years of clinical experience with bupropion HCl: from bupropion to bupropion SR to bupropion XL. Prim Care Companion J Clin Psychiatry. 2005;7(3):106-13. [PubMed:16027765] Thase ME, Haight BR, Richard N, Rockett CB, Mitton M, Modell JG, VanMeter S, Harriett AE, Wang Y: Remission rates following antidepressant therapy with bupropion or selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors: a meta-analysis of original data from 7 randomized controlled trials. J Clin Psychiatry. 2005 Aug;66(8):974-81. [PubMed:16086611] Authors unspecified: Annual report on the results of treatment in gynecological cancer. Twenty-first volume. Statements of results obtained in patients treated in 1982 to 1986, inclusive 3 and 5-year survival up to 1990. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 1991 Sep;36 Suppl:1-315. [PubMed:1684162] Thase ME, Clayton AH, Haight BR, Thompson AH, Modell JG, Johnston JA: A double-blind comparison between bupropion XL and venlafaxine XR: sexual functioning, antidepressant efficacy, and tolerability. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2006 Oct;26(5):482-8. [PubMed:16974189] Richter T, Schwab M, Eichelbaum M, Zanger UM: Inhibition of human CYP2B6 by N,N',N''-triethylenethiophosphoramide is irreversible and mechanism-based. Biochem Pharmacol. 2005 Feb 1;69(3):517-24. doi: 10.1016/j.bcp.2004.10.008. Epub 2004 Dec 15. [PubMed:15652242] Trivedi MH, Fava M, Wisniewski SR, Thase ME, Quitkin F, Warden D, Ritz L, Nierenberg AA, Lebowitz BD, Biggs MM, Luther JF, Shores-Wilson K, Rush AJ: Medication augmentation after the failure of SSRIs for depression. N Engl J Med. 2006 Mar 23;354(12):1243-52. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa052964. [PubMed:16554526] Stahl SM, Pradko JF, Haight BR, Modell JG, Rockett CB, Learned-Coughlin S: A Review of the Neuropharmacology of Bupropion, a Dual Norepinephrine and Dopamine Reuptake Inhibitor. Prim Care Companion J Clin Psychiatry. 2004;6(4):159-166. [PubMed:15361919] John Rush A, Jain SB: Clinical Implications of the STAR*D Trial. Handb Exp Pharmacol. 2018 Sep 11. doi: 10.1007/164_2018_153. [PubMed:30203327] Patel K, Allen S, Haque MN, Angelescu I, Baumeister D, Tracy DK: Bupropion: a systematic review and meta-analysis of effectiveness as an antidepressant. Ther Adv Psychopharmacol. 2016 Apr;6(2):99-144. doi: 10.1177/2045125316629071. Epub 2016 Feb 18. [PubMed:27141292] Ashton AK, Rosen RC: Bupropion as an antidote for serotonin reuptake inhibitor-induced sexual dysfunction. J Clin Psychiatry. 1998 Mar;59(3):112-5. [PubMed:9541153] Shalabi AR, Walther D, Baumann MH, Glennon RA: Deconstructed Analogues of Bupropion Reveal Structural Requirements for Transporter Inhibition versus Substrate-Induced Neurotransmitter Release. ACS Chem Neurosci. 2017 Jun 21;8(6):1397-1403. doi: 10.1021/acschemneuro.7b00055. Epub 2017 Feb 27. [PubMed:28220701] Cahill K, Stevens S, Perera R, Lancaster T: Pharmacological interventions for smoking cessation: an overview and network meta-analysis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013 May 31;(5):CD009329. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD009329.pub2. [PubMed:23728690] Slemmer JE, Martin BR, Damaj MI: Bupropion is a nicotinic antagonist. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2000 Oct;295(1):321-7. [PubMed:10991997] Johnston AJ, Ascher J, Leadbetter R, Schmith VD, Patel DK, Durcan M, Bentley B: Pharmacokinetic optimisation of sustained-release bupropion for smoking cessation. Drugs. 2002;62 Suppl 2:11-24. doi: 10.2165/00003495-200262002-00002. [PubMed:12109932] Pandhare A, Pappu AS, Wilms H, Blanton MP, Jansen M: The antidepressant bupropion is a negative allosteric modulator of serotonin type 3A receptors. Neuropharmacology. 2017 Feb;113(Pt A):89-99. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2016.09.021. Epub 2016 Sep 24. [PubMed:27671323] Ahern TH, Javors MA, Eagles DA, Martillotti J, Mitchell HA, Liles LC, Weinshenker D: The effects of chronic norepinephrine transporter inactivation on seizure susceptibility in mice. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2006 Apr;31(4):730-8. doi: 10.1038/sj.npp.1300847. [PubMed:16052243] Roose SP, Dalack GW, Glassman AH, Woodring S, Walsh BT, Giardina EG: Cardiovascular effects of bupropion in depressed patients with heart disease. Am J Psychiatry. 1991 Apr;148(4):512-6. doi: 10.1176/ajp.148.4.512. [PubMed:1900980] Benowitz NL, Pipe A, West R, Hays JT, Tonstad S, McRae T, Lawrence D, St Aubin L, Anthenelli RM: Cardiovascular Safety of Varenicline, Bupropion, and Nicotine Patch in Smokers: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Intern Med. 2018 May 1;178(5):622-631. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2018.0397. [PubMed:29630702] Wang GJ, Tomasi D, Volkow ND, Wang R, Telang F, Caparelli EC, Dunayevich E: Effect of combined naltrexone and bupropion therapy on the brain's reactivity to food cues. Int J Obes (Lond). 2014 May;38(5):682-8. doi: 10.1038/ijo.2013.145. Epub 2013 Aug 8. [PubMed:23924756] Greenway FL, Fujioka K, Plodkowski RA, Mudaliar S, Guttadauria M, Erickson J, Kim DD, Dunayevich E: Effect of naltrexone plus bupropion on weight loss in overweight and obese adults (COR-I): a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial. Lancet. 2010 Aug 21;376(9741):595-605. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(10)60888-4. Epub 2010 Jul 29. [PubMed:20673995] Reece AS: Hypothalamic opioid-melanocortin appetitive balance and addictive craving. Med Hypotheses. 2011 Jan;76(1):132-7. doi: 10.1016/j.mehy.2010.09.002. [PubMed:20926200] Arias HR: Is the inhibition of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors by bupropion involved in its clinical actions? Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2009 Nov;41(11):2098-108. doi: 10.1016/j.biocel.2009.05.015. Epub 2009 Jun 2. [PubMed:19497387] Dailymed: Contrave (bupropion + naltrexone) [Link] FDA Approved Drug Products: Wellbutrin XL® extended-release tablets [Link] FDA Approved Drug Products: Wellbutrin immediate-release tablets [Link] The Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments (CANMAT) task force recommendations for the management of patients with mood disorders and comorbid attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder [File]

Step 3

Miller DK, Sumithran SP, Dwoskin LP: Bupropion inhibits nicotine-evoked [(3)H]overflow from rat striatal slices preloaded with [(3)H]dopamine and from rat hippocampal slices preloaded with [(3)H]norepinephrine. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2002 Sep;302(3):1113-22. [PubMed:12183670] Meyer JH, Goulding VS, Wilson AA, Hussey D, Christensen BK, Houle S: Bupropion occupancy of the dopamine transporter is low during clinical treatment. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2002 Aug;163(1):102-5. Epub 2002 Jul 13. [PubMed:12185406] Kugaya A, Seneca NM, Snyder PJ, Williams SA, Malison RT, Baldwin RM, Seibyl JP, Innis RB: Changes in human in vivo serotonin and dopamine transporter availabilities during chronic antidepressant administration. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2003 Feb;28(2):413-20. Epub 2002 Jul 19. [PubMed:12589396] Learned-Coughlin SM, Bergstrom M, Savitcheva I, Ascher J, Schmith VD, Langstrom B: In vivo activity of bupropion at the human dopamine transporter as measured by positron emission tomography. Biol Psychiatry. 2003 Oct 15;54(8):800-5. [PubMed:14550679] Szabo Z, Argyelan M, Kanyo B, Pavics L, Janka Z: [Change of dopamine transporter activity (DAT) during the action of bupropion (in depression)]. Neuropsychopharmacol Hung. 2004 Jun;6(2):79-81. [PubMed:15787205] Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. [PubMed:11752352] Tatsumi M, Groshan K, Blakely RD, Richelson E: Pharmacological profile of antidepressants and related compounds at human monoamine transporters. Eur J Pharmacol. 1997 Dec 11;340(2-3):249-58. [PubMed:9537821] Stahl SM, Pradko JF, Haight BR, Modell JG, Rockett CB, Learned-Coughlin S: A Review of the Neuropharmacology of Bupropion, a Dual Norepinephrine and Dopamine Reuptake Inhibitor. Prim Care Companion J Clin Psychiatry. 2004;6(4):159-166. [PubMed:15361919] Shalabi AR, Walther D, Baumann MH, Glennon RA: Deconstructed Analogues of Bupropion Reveal Structural Requirements for Transporter Inhibition versus Substrate-Induced Neurotransmitter Release. ACS Chem Neurosci. 2017 Jun 21;8(6):1397-1403. doi: 10.1021/acschemneuro.7b00055. Epub 2017 Feb 27. [PubMed:28220701] Simonsen U, Comerma-Steffensen S, Andersson KE: Modulation of Dopaminergic Pathways to Treat Erectile Dysfunction. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol. 2016 Oct;119 Suppl 3:63-74. doi: 10.1111/bcpt.12653. [PubMed:27541930] Mortensen OV, Amara SG: Gain of function mutants reveal sites important for the interaction of the atypical inhibitors benztropine and bupropion with monoamine transporters. J Neurochem. 2006 Sep;98(5):1531-40. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2006.04060.x. [PubMed:16923164]

Step 4

Bondarev ML, Bondareva TS, Young R, Glennon RA: Behavioral and biochemical investigations of bupropion metabolites. Eur J Pharmacol. 2003 Aug 1;474(1):85-93. [PubMed:12909199] Mitchell HA, Ahern TH, Liles LC, Javors MA, Weinshenker D: The effects of norepinephrine transporter inactivation on locomotor activity in mice. Biol Psychiatry. 2006 Nov 15;60(10):1046-52. Epub 2006 Aug 7. [PubMed:16893531] Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. [PubMed:11752352] Stahl SM, Pradko JF, Haight BR, Modell JG, Rockett CB, Learned-Coughlin S: A Review of the Neuropharmacology of Bupropion, a Dual Norepinephrine and Dopamine Reuptake Inhibitor. Prim Care Companion J Clin Psychiatry. 2004;6(4):159-166. [PubMed:15361919] Shalabi AR, Walther D, Baumann MH, Glennon RA: Deconstructed Analogues of Bupropion Reveal Structural Requirements for Transporter Inhibition versus Substrate-Induced Neurotransmitter Release. ACS Chem Neurosci. 2017 Jun 21;8(6):1397-1403. doi: 10.1021/acschemneuro.7b00055. Epub 2017 Feb 27. [PubMed:28220701] Mortensen OV, Amara SG: Gain of function mutants reveal sites important for the interaction of the atypical inhibitors benztropine and bupropion with monoamine transporters. J Neurochem. 2006 Sep;98(5):1531-40. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2006.04060.x. [PubMed:16923164]

Step 5

Fryer JD, Lukas RJ: Noncompetitive functional inhibition at diverse, human nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subtypes by bupropion, phencyclidine, and ibogaine. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1999 Jan;288(1):88-92. [PubMed:9862757] Slemmer JE, Martin BR, Damaj MI: Bupropion is a nicotinic antagonist. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2000 Oct;295(1):321-7. [PubMed:10991997]

Step 6

Pandhare A, Pappu AS, Wilms H, Blanton MP, Jansen M: The antidepressant bupropion is a negative allosteric modulator of serotonin type 3A receptors. Neuropharmacology. 2017 Feb;113(Pt A):89-99. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2016.09.021. Epub 2016 Sep 24. [PubMed:27671323]

Step 7

Walsky RL, Astuccio AV, Obach RS: Evaluation of 227 drugs for in vitro inhibition of cytochrome P450 2B6. J Clin Pharmacol. 2006 Dec;46(12):1426-38. [PubMed:17101742] Lewis DF, Modi S, Dickins M: Structure-activity relationship for human cytochrome P450 substrates and inhibitors. Drug Metab Rev. 2002 Feb-May;34(1-2):69-82. [PubMed:11996013] Hesse LM, Venkatakrishnan K, Court MH, von Moltke LL, Duan SX, Shader RI, Greenblatt DJ: CYP2B6 mediates the in vitro hydroxylation of bupropion: potential drug interactions with other antidepressants. Drug Metab Dispos. 2000 Oct;28(10):1176-83. [PubMed:10997936] Jefferson JW, Pradko JF, Muir KT: Bupropion for major depressive disorder: Pharmacokinetic and formulation considerations. Clin Ther. 2005 Nov;27(11):1685-95. [PubMed:16368442] Foley KF, DeSanty KP, Kast RE: Bupropion: pharmacology and therapeutic applications. Expert Rev Neurother. 2006 Sep;6(9):1249-65. [PubMed:17009913] Rendic S: Summary of information on human CYP enzymes: human P450 metabolism data. Drug Metab Rev. 2002 Feb-May;34(1-2):83-448. [PubMed:11996015] Flockhart Table of Drug Interactions [Link]

Step 8

Foley KF, DeSanty KP, Kast RE: Bupropion: pharmacology and therapeutic applications. Expert Rev Neurother. 2006 Sep;6(9):1249-65. [PubMed:17009913] Kotlyar M, Brauer LH, Tracy TS, Hatsukami DK, Harris J, Bronars CA, Adson DE: Inhibition of CYP2D6 activity by bupropion. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2005 Jun;25(3):226-9. [PubMed:15876900] Sager JE, Tripathy S, Price LS, Nath A, Chang J, Stephenson-Famy A, Isoherranen N: In vitro to in vivo extrapolation of the complex drug-drug interaction of bupropion and its metabolites with CYP2D6; simultaneous reversible inhibition and CYP2D6 downregulation. Biochem Pharmacol. 2017 Jan 1;123:85-96. doi: 10.1016/j.bcp.2016.11.007. Epub 2016 Nov 9. [PubMed:27836670] Flockhart Table of Drug Interactions [Link]

Step 9

Health Canada Product Monograph: Bupropion sustained-release tablets [Link]

Step 10

Faucette SR, Hawke RL, Lecluyse EL, Shord SS, Yan B, Laethem RM, Lindley CM: Validation of bupropion hydroxylation as a selective marker of human cytochrome P450 2B6 catalytic activity. Drug Metab Dispos. 2000 Oct;28(10):1222-30. [PubMed:10997944]

Step 11

Ferry DG, Caplan NB, Cubeddu LX: Interaction between antidepressants and alpha 1-adrenergic receptor antagonists on the binding to alpha 1-acid glycoprotein. J Pharm Sci. 1986 Feb;75(2):146-9. doi: 10.1002/jps.2600750208. [PubMed:2870173]

Step 12

Bergen AW, Javitz HS, Krasnow R, Michel M, Nishita D, Conti DV, Edlund CK, Kwok PY, McClure JB, Kim RB, Hall SM, Tyndale RF, Baker TB, Benowitz NL, Swan GE: Organic cation transporter variation and response to smoking cessation therapies. Nicotine Tob Res. 2014 Dec;16(12):1638-46. doi: 10.1093/ntr/ntu161. Epub 2014 Aug 20. [PubMed:25143296] FDA Center for Drug Evaluation and Research: Clinical Pharmacology and Biopharmaceutical Review(s) [File]