Citalopram: Uses, Interactions, Mechanism of Action | DrugBank Online

Step 2

Sindrup SH, Bjerre U, Dejgaard A, Brøsen K, Aaes-Jørgensen T, Gram LF: The selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor citalopram relieves the symptoms of diabetic neuropathy Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1992 Nov;52(5):547-52. [Article] Atmaca M, Kuloglu M, Tezcan E, Semercioz A: The efficacy of citalopram in the treatment of premature ejaculation: a placebo-controlled study. Int J Impot Res. 2002 Dec;14(6):502-5. [Article] Andersen G, Vestergaard K, Riis JO: Citalopram for post-stroke pathological crying. Lancet. 1993 Oct 2;342(8875):837-9. [Article] Clayton A, Keller A, McGarvey EL: Burden of phase-specific sexual dysfunction with SSRIs. J Affect Disord. 2006 Mar;91(1):27-32. Epub 2006 Jan 20. [Article] Baumann P: Pharmacology and pharmacokinetics of citalopram and other SSRIs. Int Clin Psychopharmacol. 1996 Mar;11 Suppl 1:5-11. [Article] Caccia S: Metabolism of the newer antidepressants. An overview of the pharmacological and pharmacokinetic implications. Clin Pharmacokinet. 1998 Apr;34(4):281-302. doi: 10.2165/00003088-199834040-00002. [Article] Bezchlibnyk-Butler K, Aleksic I, Kennedy SH: Citalopram--a review of pharmacological and clinical effects. J Psychiatry Neurosci. 2000 May;25(3):241-54. [Article] Keller MB: Citalopram therapy for depression: a review of 10 years of European experience and data from U.S. clinical trials. J Clin Psychiatry. 2000 Dec;61(12):896-908. [Article] Sheeler RD, Ackerman MJ, Richelson E, Nelson TK, Staab JP, Tangalos EG, Dieser LM, Cunningham JL: Considerations on safety concerns about citalopram prescribing. Mayo Clin Proc. 2012 Nov;87(11):1042-5. doi: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2012.07.009. Epub 2012 Sep 24. [Article] Naranjo CA, Knoke DM, Bremner KE: Variations in response to citalopram in men and women with alcohol dependence. J Psychiatry Neurosci. 2000 May;25(3):269-75. [Article] Thomsen PH: Child and adolescent obsessive-compulsive disorder treated with citalopram: findings from an open trial of 23 cases. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol. 1997;7(3):157-66. doi: 10.1089/cap.1997.7.157. [Article] McElroy SL, Hudson JI, Malhotra S, Welge JA, Nelson EB, Keck PE Jr: Citalopram in the treatment of binge-eating disorder: a placebo-controlled trial J Clin Psychiatry. 2003 Jul;64(7):807-13. [Article] Sangkuhl K, Klein TE, Altman RB: PharmGKB summary: citalopram pharmacokinetics pathway. Pharmacogenet Genomics. 2011 Nov;21(11):769-72. doi: 10.1097/FPC.0b013e328346063f. [Article] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK482222/ (2018). Stat Pearls [Internet]. NIH Stat Pearls. MSDS citalopram [Link] NIH Stat Pearls: Citalopram [Link] AAFP: Off-label Applications for SSRIs [Link] Celexa Information, FDA [Link] Celexa Monograph [File]

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Sangkuhl K, Klein TE, Altman RB: PharmGKB summary: citalopram pharmacokinetics pathway. Pharmacogenet Genomics. 2011 Nov;21(11):769-72. doi: 10.1097/FPC.0b013e328346063f. [Article] Coleman JA, Green EM, Gouaux E: X-ray structures and mechanism of the human serotonin transporter. Nature. 2016 Apr 21;532(7599):334-9. doi: 10.1038/nature17629. Epub 2016 Apr 6. [Article]

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Bareggi SR, Mundo E, Dell'Osso B, Altamura AC: The use of escitalopram beyond major depression: pharmacological aspects, efficacy and tolerability in anxiety disorders. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol. 2007 Oct;3(5):741-53. [Article] Citalopram MedSafe NZ Data Sheet [File]

Step 5

Brosen K, Naranjo CA: Review of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interaction studies with citalopram. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. 2001 Aug;11(4):275-83. [Article] Rasmussen BB, Brosen K: Is therapeutic drug monitoring a case for optimizing clinical outcome and avoiding interactions of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors? Ther Drug Monit. 2000 Apr;22(2):143-54. [Article] Zhou SF, Zhou ZW, Yang LP, Cai JP: Substrates, inducers, inhibitors and structure-activity relationships of human Cytochrome P450 2C9 and implications in drug development. Curr Med Chem. 2009;16(27):3480-675. Epub 2009 Sep 1. [Article] Pelkonen O, Maenpaa J, Taavitsainen P, Rautio A, Raunio H: Inhibition and induction of human cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes. Xenobiotica. 1998 Dec;28(12):1203-53. [Article] Sangkuhl K, Klein TE, Altman RB: PharmGKB summary: citalopram pharmacokinetics pathway. Pharmacogenet Genomics. 2011 Nov;21(11):769-72. doi: 10.1097/FPC.0b013e328346063f. [Article]

Step 6

Brosen K, Naranjo CA: Review of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interaction studies with citalopram. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. 2001 Aug;11(4):275-83. [Article] Rasmussen BB, Brosen K: Is therapeutic drug monitoring a case for optimizing clinical outcome and avoiding interactions of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors? Ther Drug Monit. 2000 Apr;22(2):143-54. [Article] Zhou SF, Zhou ZW, Yang LP, Cai JP: Substrates, inducers, inhibitors and structure-activity relationships of human Cytochrome P450 2C9 and implications in drug development. Curr Med Chem. 2009;16(27):3480-675. Epub 2009 Sep 1. [Article] Pelkonen O, Maenpaa J, Taavitsainen P, Rautio A, Raunio H: Inhibition and induction of human cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes. Xenobiotica. 1998 Dec;28(12):1203-53. [Article] von Moltke LL, Greenblatt DJ, Grassi JM, Granda BW, Venkatakrishnan K, Duan SX, Fogelman SM, Harmatz JS, Shader RI: Citalopram and desmethylcitalopram in vitro: human cytochromes mediating transformation, and cytochrome inhibitory effects. Biol Psychiatry. 1999 Sep 15;46(6):839-49. [Article] Olesen OV, Linnet K: Studies on the stereoselective metabolism of citalopram by human liver microsomes and cDNA-expressed cytochrome P450 enzymes. Pharmacology. 1999 Dec;59(6):298-309. doi: 10.1159/000028333. [Article] Flockhart Table of Drug Interactions [Link] Citalopram FDA label [Link]

Step 7

Baumann P: Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic relationship of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. Clin Pharmacokinet. 1996 Dec;31(6):444-69. [Article] Flockhart Table of Drug Interactions [Link]

Step 8

von Moltke LL, Greenblatt DJ, Grassi JM, Granda BW, Venkatakrishnan K, Duan SX, Fogelman SM, Harmatz JS, Shader RI: Citalopram and desmethylcitalopram in vitro: human cytochromes mediating transformation, and cytochrome inhibitory effects. Biol Psychiatry. 1999 Sep 15;46(6):839-49. [Article] Citalopram FDA [File] MedSafe NZ Data Sheet, Citalopram [File]

Step 9

Weiss J, Dormann SM, Martin-Facklam M, Kerpen CJ, Ketabi-Kiyanvash N, Haefeli WE: Inhibition of P-glycoprotein by newer antidepressants. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2003 Apr;305(1):197-204. [Article] Uhr M, Tontsch A, Namendorf C, Ripke S, Lucae S, Ising M, Dose T, Ebinger M, Rosenhagen M, Kohli M, Kloiber S, Salyakina D, Bettecken T, Specht M, Putz B, Binder EB, Muller-Myhsok B, Holsboer F: Polymorphisms in the drug transporter gene ABCB1 predict antidepressant treatment response in depression. Neuron. 2008 Jan 24;57(2):203-9. doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2007.11.017. [Article] Uhr M, Grauer MT: abcb1ab P-glycoprotein is involved in the uptake of citalopram and trimipramine into the brain of mice. J Psychiatr Res. 2003 May-Jun;37(3):179-85. [Article]