Cinnarizine: Uses, Interactions, Mechanism of Action | DrugBank Online

Step 1

Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. [Article] Paton DM, Webster DR: Clinical pharmacokinetics of H1-receptor antagonists (the antihistamines). Clin Pharmacokinet. 1985 Nov-Dec;10(6):477-97. [Article]

Step 2

Singh BN: The mechanism of action of calcium antagonists relative to their clinical applications. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1986;21 Suppl 2:109S-121S. [Article] Cohen CJ, Spires S, Van Skiver D: Block of T-type Ca channels in guinea pig atrial cells by antiarrhythmic agents and Ca channel antagonists. J Gen Physiol. 1992 Oct;100(4):703-28. [Article]

Step 3

Singh BN: The mechanism of action of calcium antagonists relative to their clinical applications. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1986;21 Suppl 2:109S-121S. [Article] Cohen CJ, Spires S, Van Skiver D: Block of T-type Ca channels in guinea pig atrial cells by antiarrhythmic agents and Ca channel antagonists. J Gen Physiol. 1992 Oct;100(4):703-28. [Article]

Step 4

Singh BN: The mechanism of action of calcium antagonists relative to their clinical applications. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1986;21 Suppl 2:109S-121S. [Article] Cohen CJ, Spires S, Van Skiver D: Block of T-type Ca channels in guinea pig atrial cells by antiarrhythmic agents and Ca channel antagonists. J Gen Physiol. 1992 Oct;100(4):703-28. [Article]

Step 5

Singh BN: The mechanism of action of calcium antagonists relative to their clinical applications. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1986;21 Suppl 2:109S-121S. [Article] Cohen CJ, Spires S, Van Skiver D: Block of T-type Ca channels in guinea pig atrial cells by antiarrhythmic agents and Ca channel antagonists. J Gen Physiol. 1992 Oct;100(4):703-28. [Article]

Step 6

Singh BN: The mechanism of action of calcium antagonists relative to their clinical applications. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1986;21 Suppl 2:109S-121S. [Article] Cohen CJ, Spires S, Van Skiver D: Block of T-type Ca channels in guinea pig atrial cells by antiarrhythmic agents and Ca channel antagonists. J Gen Physiol. 1992 Oct;100(4):703-28. [Article]

Step 7

Singh BN: The mechanism of action of calcium antagonists relative to their clinical applications. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1986;21 Suppl 2:109S-121S. [Article] Cohen CJ, Spires S, Van Skiver D: Block of T-type Ca channels in guinea pig atrial cells by antiarrhythmic agents and Ca channel antagonists. J Gen Physiol. 1992 Oct;100(4):703-28. [Article]

Step 8

Singh BN: The mechanism of action of calcium antagonists relative to their clinical applications. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1986;21 Suppl 2:109S-121S. [Article] Cohen CJ, Spires S, Van Skiver D: Block of T-type Ca channels in guinea pig atrial cells by antiarrhythmic agents and Ca channel antagonists. J Gen Physiol. 1992 Oct;100(4):703-28. [Article]

Step 9

Brucke T, Wober C, Podreka I, Wober-Bingol C, Asenbaum S, Aull S, Wenger S, Ilieva D, Harasko-van der Meer C, Wessely P, et al.: D2 receptor blockade by flunarizine and cinnarizine explains extrapyramidal side effects. A SPECT study. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 1995 May;15(3):513-8. [Article] Kuzuhara S: [Drug-induced parkinsonism]. Nihon Rinsho. 1997 Jan;55(1):112-7. [Article] doi:10.1007/s00415-006-3004-8 [Link]

Step 10

Nasu R, Matsuo H, Takanaga H, Ohtani H, Sawada Y: Quantitative prediction of catalepsy induced by amoxapine, cinnarizine and cyclophosphamide in mice. Biopharm Drug Dispos. 2000 May;21(4):129-38. [Article]

Step 11

Nasu R, Matsuo H, Takanaga H, Ohtani H, Sawada Y: Quantitative prediction of catalepsy induced by amoxapine, cinnarizine and cyclophosphamide in mice. Biopharm Drug Dispos. 2000 May;21(4):129-38. [Article]

Step 12

Zhou SF, Zhou ZW, Yang LP, Cai JP: Substrates, inducers, inhibitors and structure-activity relationships of human Cytochrome P450 2C9 and implications in drug development. Curr Med Chem. 2009;16(27):3480-675. Epub 2009 Sep 1. [Article] Narimatsu S, Kariya S, Isozaki S, Ohmori S, Kitada M, Hosokawa S, Masubuchi Y, Suzuki T: Involvement of CYP2D6 in oxidative metabolism of cinnarizine and flunarizine in human liver microsomes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1993 Jun 30;193(3):1262-8. doi: 10.1006/bbrc.1993.1761. [Article]

Step 13

Zhou SF, Zhou ZW, Yang LP, Cai JP: Substrates, inducers, inhibitors and structure-activity relationships of human Cytochrome P450 2C9 and implications in drug development. Curr Med Chem. 2009;16(27):3480-675. Epub 2009 Sep 1. [Article] Kariya S, Isozaki S, Uchino K, Suzuki T, Narimatsu S: Oxidative metabolism of flunarizine and cinnarizine by microsomes from B-lymphoblastoid cell lines expressing human cytochrome P450 enzymes. Biol Pharm Bull. 1996 Nov;19(11):1511-4. doi: 10.1248/bpb.19.1511. [Article]

Step 14

Zhou SF, Zhou ZW, Yang LP, Cai JP: Substrates, inducers, inhibitors and structure-activity relationships of human Cytochrome P450 2C9 and implications in drug development. Curr Med Chem. 2009;16(27):3480-675. Epub 2009 Sep 1. [Article] Kariya S, Isozaki S, Uchino K, Suzuki T, Narimatsu S: Oxidative metabolism of flunarizine and cinnarizine by microsomes from B-lymphoblastoid cell lines expressing human cytochrome P450 enzymes. Biol Pharm Bull. 1996 Nov;19(11):1511-4. doi: 10.1248/bpb.19.1511. [Article] Zhou SF, Yang LP, Zhou ZW, Liu YH, Chan E: Insights into the substrate specificity, inhibitors, regulation, and polymorphisms and the clinical impact of human cytochrome P450 1A2. AAPS J. 2009 Sep;11(3):481-94. doi: 10.1208/s12248-009-9127-y. Epub 2009 Jul 10. [Article]

Step 15

Zhou SF, Zhou ZW, Yang LP, Cai JP: Substrates, inducers, inhibitors and structure-activity relationships of human Cytochrome P450 2C9 and implications in drug development. Curr Med Chem. 2009;16(27):3480-675. Epub 2009 Sep 1. [Article] Kariya S, Isozaki S, Uchino K, Suzuki T, Narimatsu S: Oxidative metabolism of flunarizine and cinnarizine by microsomes from B-lymphoblastoid cell lines expressing human cytochrome P450 enzymes. Biol Pharm Bull. 1996 Nov;19(11):1511-4. doi: 10.1248/bpb.19.1511. [Article]

Step 16

Zhou SF, Zhou ZW, Yang LP, Cai JP: Substrates, inducers, inhibitors and structure-activity relationships of human Cytochrome P450 2C9 and implications in drug development. Curr Med Chem. 2009;16(27):3480-675. Epub 2009 Sep 1. [Article] Kariya S, Isozaki S, Uchino K, Suzuki T, Narimatsu S: Oxidative metabolism of flunarizine and cinnarizine by microsomes from B-lymphoblastoid cell lines expressing human cytochrome P450 enzymes. Biol Pharm Bull. 1996 Nov;19(11):1511-4. doi: 10.1248/bpb.19.1511. [Article]

Step 17

Zhou SF, Zhou ZW, Yang LP, Cai JP: Substrates, inducers, inhibitors and structure-activity relationships of human Cytochrome P450 2C9 and implications in drug development. Curr Med Chem. 2009;16(27):3480-675. Epub 2009 Sep 1. [Article] Kariya S, Isozaki S, Uchino K, Suzuki T, Narimatsu S: Oxidative metabolism of flunarizine and cinnarizine by microsomes from B-lymphoblastoid cell lines expressing human cytochrome P450 enzymes. Biol Pharm Bull. 1996 Nov;19(11):1511-4. doi: 10.1248/bpb.19.1511. [Article]

Step 18

Uesawa Y, Takeuchi T, Mohri K: Integrated analysis on the physicochemical properties of dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers in grapefruit juice interactions. Curr Pharm Biotechnol. 2012 Jul;13(9):1705-17. [Article]

Step 19

Martinez-Gomez MA, Carril-Aviles MM, Sagrado S, Villanueva-Camanas RM, Medina-Hernandez MJ: Characterization of antihistamine-human serum protein interactions by capillary electrophoresis. J Chromatogr A. 2007 Apr 20;1147(2):261-9. doi: 10.1016/j.chroma.2007.02.054. Epub 2007 Feb 22. [Article]