Heat oil in a large straight-sided skillet over medium. When oil shimmers, add onion, bell pepper, ginger, and cilantro stems; season with salt. Cook, stirring occasionally, until vegetables are tender and golden in places, 12 to 15 minutes. Add curry; cook until fragrant, about 1 minute. Add vinegar; boil until mostly evaporated. Add coconut milk and clam juice; bring to a simmer.
Step 2
Generously season fish with salt and pepper; stir into skillet. Reduce heat to medium-low. Cook at a bare simmer, stirring gently a few times, until just cooked through but not falling apart, about 4 minutes. Ladle into bowls with rice, top with cilantro leaves and chile, and serve.